Quantum cryptography is a subfield of cryptography that uses principles of quantum mechanics to secure communication. Quantum cryptography can provide provably secure communication channels, even against an eavesdropper with unlimited computational power. Quantum key distribution is one of the most well-known applications of quantum cryptography. Popular quantum cryptography platforms include ID Quantique, Toshiba, and QuintessenceLabs. Boxing Big data refers to extremely large and complex datasets that cannot be processed by traditional data processing applications. Big data is used in many applications, such as predictive analytics, business intelligence, and scientific research. Popular big data platforms include Hadoop, Spark, and Cassandra.